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SAR testing is performed to evaluate human exposure to radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields generated by wireless devices. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) quantifies the rate at which RF energy is absorbed by biological tissue and is expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg). Regulatory authorities require SAR testing to ensure that wireless products operate within safe exposure limits when used close to the human body.
During testing, the device under test (DUT) is operated at maximum transmit power and positioned near standardized human head or body phantoms filled with tissue-equivalent liquid. Specialized electric field probes measure the RF field strength within the phantom to determine the localized energy absorption levels produced by the device.
SAR measurements are typically performed using automated SAR measurement systems, robotic probe positioning systems, and calibrated RF instrumentation to map the electric field distribution inside the phantom. The measured data is processed to calculate the peak spatial-average SAR values over defined tissue masses, commonly 1 g or 10 g of tissue, depending on the applicable regulatory framework.
SAR testing is conducted in accordance with international standards such as IEC/IEEE 62209, IEEE 1528, and regulatory requirements defined by agencies including the FCC, ICNIRP, and European CE directives. These evaluations ensure that wireless devices meet RF exposure limits and are safe for use near the human body.
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